國際勞工組織全體大會(huì)，
經(jīng)國際勞工局理事會(huì)召集于１９３６年１０月６日在日內(nèi)瓦舉行第２１屆會(huì)議，
經(jīng)議決采納本屆大會(huì)議程第２項(xiàng)所列關(guān)于海員疾病保險(xiǎn)的若干提議，
經(jīng)決議這些提議應(yīng)采取國際公約的方式，
于１９３６年１０月２４日通過下述公約，此公約得稱為《１９３６年疾病保險(xiǎn)（
海員）公約》。
第１條
１．在本公約生效的領(lǐng)土上登記并從事海運(yùn)或海上捕魚的任何船舶上以船長或船員
或其他服務(wù)身份受雇的每個(gè)人都應(yīng)根據(jù)強(qiáng)制疾病保險(xiǎn)體制給予保險(xiǎn)，但在軍艦上受雇的
人員除外。
２．國際勞工組織任何會(huì)員國都可以在其國家法律或條例中對下述情況規(guī)定其認(rèn)為
必要的例外：
（ａ）在政府當(dāng)局的船舶上受雇的人員，當(dāng)這種船舶不從事貿(mào)易運(yùn)輸時(shí)；
（ｂ）其工資或收入超過規(guī)定的數(shù)額的人員；
（ｃ）不付給貨幣工資的人員；
（ｄ）非居住在該會(huì)員國領(lǐng)土上的人員；
（ｅ）低于或高于規(guī)定的年齡界限的人員；
（ｆ）雇主的家庭成員；
（ｇ）引航員。
第２條
１．由于疾病原因喪失工作能力并被剝奪工資的受保人應(yīng)有權(quán)從付津貼的第一天（
包括第一天）起至少在喪失工作能力的第一個(gè)２６周或１８０天內(nèi)享受現(xiàn)金津貼。
２．一旦證明期限和從喪失工作能力算起的幾天的等候時(shí)間結(jié)束，就可以定出享受
津貼的權(quán)利。
３．當(dāng)存在一般強(qiáng)制疾病保險(xiǎn)體制但不適用于海員時(shí)，受保人的現(xiàn)金津貼決不應(yīng)定
得低于這種體制所定的數(shù)額。
４．現(xiàn)金津貼可以被扣留：
（ａ）當(dāng)受保人在船上或國外時(shí)；
（ｂ）當(dāng)受保人由保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)或公共基金供養(yǎng)時(shí)。但即使這樣，當(dāng)受保人有家庭義務(wù)
時(shí)，應(yīng)
僅能扣留部分現(xiàn)金津貼；
（ｃ）當(dāng)就同一疾病受保人按法律從另一機(jī)構(gòu)收到他有權(quán)享受的補(bǔ)償時(shí)。但即使這
樣，如
果這種補(bǔ)償?shù)扔诨蛏儆诎醇膊”ｋU(xiǎn)體制付給的津貼數(shù)額，則全部或部分扣留現(xiàn)金
津
貼。
５．如果疾病是由于受保人的故意不當(dāng)行為所致，可以減少或拒付現(xiàn)金津貼。
第３條
１．從其患病開始至少到規(guī)定的付給疾病津貼期限滿期止，受保人應(yīng)有權(quán)免費(fèi)享受
完全合格的醫(yī)師的醫(yī)療和合適而足夠的藥品和醫(yī)療器械的供應(yīng)。
２．可以要求受保人支付國家法律或條例可能規(guī)定的部分醫(yī)療津貼費(fèi)用。
３．當(dāng)受保人在船上或國外時(shí)，可以扣留醫(yī)療津貼。
４．每當(dāng)情況需要時(shí)，保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)可以向患病者提供醫(yī)院治療，在這種情況下，應(yīng)向
他支付全部生活費(fèi)，并給予必要的醫(yī)療護(hù)理。
第４條
１．當(dāng)受保人在國外并由于患病原因喪失享受工資的權(quán)利時(shí)，如果不是在國外他本
該享受的現(xiàn)金津貼，不論以前全部或部分付給，應(yīng)在他回到該會(huì)員國領(lǐng)土之前全部或部
分付給其家庭。
２．國家法律或條例可以規(guī)定或授權(quán)提供下述津貼：
（ａ）當(dāng)受保人有家庭義務(wù)時(shí)，第２條規(guī)定外的附加現(xiàn)金津貼；
（ｂ）當(dāng)受保人的家庭成員和受其贍養(yǎng)者患病時(shí)，實(shí)物或現(xiàn)金資助。
第５條
１．國家法律或條例應(yīng)規(guī)定一些條件，當(dāng)受保婦女在該會(huì)員國領(lǐng)土上時(shí)，應(yīng)有權(quán)享
受產(chǎn)婦津貼。
２．國家法律或條例可以規(guī)定一些條件，當(dāng)受保人的妻子在該會(huì)員國的領(lǐng)土上時(shí)，
應(yīng)有權(quán)享受產(chǎn)婦津貼。
第６條
１．受保人死亡后，國家法律或條例規(guī)定的一定數(shù)額的現(xiàn)金津貼應(yīng)付給死亡者的家
庭成員或用于支付葬禮費(fèi)。
２．如果對死亡海員的遺屬存在有效的撫恤金體制，上款規(guī)定的現(xiàn)金津貼不應(yīng)是強(qiáng)
制性的。
第７條
即使對在上個(gè)雇用合同終止后的一定期限的期間內(nèi)發(fā)生的疾病，享受保險(xiǎn)津貼的權(quán)
利也應(yīng)繼續(xù)；這個(gè)期限應(yīng)由國家法律或條例確定，但要包括連續(xù)雇用之間的正常間隔時(shí)
間。
第８條
１．受保人及其雇主應(yīng)分?jǐn)偧膊”ｋU(xiǎn)體制的費(fèi)用。
２．國家法律或條例可以規(guī)定；政府當(dāng)局提供財(cái)政捐款。
第９條
１．疾病保險(xiǎn)應(yīng)由自治機(jī)構(gòu)管理，這種自治機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)受政府當(dāng)局的行政或財(cái)政監(jiān)督，
其經(jīng)營目的不是為了盈利。
２．受保人應(yīng)按照國家法律或條例規(guī)定的條件參加對這種機(jī)構(gòu)的管理；對于按法律
或條例專門為海員設(shè)立的保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)，雇主也應(yīng)按照國家法律或條例規(guī)定的條件參加對這
種機(jī)構(gòu)的管理；國家法律或條例還可以規(guī)定其他有關(guān)人員參加這種管理。
３．當(dāng)由于國家條件的原因使自治機(jī)構(gòu)對疾病保險(xiǎn)的管理變得困難或不可能時(shí)，會(huì)
員國政府可以直接對其進(jìn)行管理。
第１０條
１．當(dāng)受保人對其享受津貼的權(quán)利有爭端時(shí)，受保人應(yīng)有權(quán)上訴。
２．應(yīng)通過特別法院或按國家法律或條例認(rèn)為合適的任何其他方法，使解決爭端的
程序?qū)κ鼙Ｈ藖碚f既迅速又廉價(jià)。
第１１條
本公約任何條款都不得影響比本公約規(guī)定的那些更優(yōu)惠的條件的任何法律、裁決書
、慣例或船東和海員簽訂的協(xié)議的執(zhí)行。
第１２條
１．就國際勞工組織章程第３５條所述的領(lǐng)土而言，批準(zhǔn)本公約的本組織的各會(huì)員
國應(yīng)在其批準(zhǔn)書上附加一宣言，聲明：
（ａ）對于哪些領(lǐng)土，它保證不加修改地應(yīng)用本公約的條款；
（ｂ）對于哪些領(lǐng)土，它保證應(yīng)用本公約的條款，但要作修改并附有所作修改的細(xì)
節(jié)；
（ｃ）對于哪些領(lǐng)土，本公約不適用以及不適用的理由；
（ｄ）對于哪些領(lǐng)土，它保留其決定。
２．本條第１款（ａ）和（ｂ）項(xiàng)所述的許諾應(yīng)被視為批準(zhǔn)書的組成部分并應(yīng)具有
批準(zhǔn)書的效力。
３．根據(jù)本條第１款（ｂ）、（ｃ）和（ｄ）各項(xiàng)，任何會(huì)員國可以通過隨后的宣
言全部或部分取消其原宣言里的任何保留。
第１３條
本公約的正式批準(zhǔn)書應(yīng)送請國際勞工局局長登記。
第１４條
１．本公約應(yīng)僅對其批準(zhǔn)書已經(jīng)局長登記的國際勞工組織各會(huì)員國具有約束力。
２．本公約應(yīng)自兩個(gè)會(huì)員國的批準(zhǔn)書已經(jīng)局長登記之日起１２月后生效。
３．此后，對于任何會(huì)員國，本公約應(yīng)自其批準(zhǔn)書已經(jīng)登記之日起１２個(gè)月后生效
。
第１５條
國際勞工組織兩個(gè)會(huì)員國的批準(zhǔn)書一旦被登記，國際勞工局局長應(yīng)立即將此通知國
際勞工組織所有會(huì)員國。他也應(yīng)將本組織其他會(huì)員國可能隨后送達(dá)的批準(zhǔn)書的登記情況
通知所有會(huì)員國。
第１６條
１．凡已批準(zhǔn)本公約的會(huì)員國，自本公約初次生效之日起滿１０年后可向國際勞工
局局長通知解約，并請其登記。此項(xiàng)解約通知書自經(jīng)登記之日起滿１年后始得生效。
２．凡已批準(zhǔn)本公約的會(huì)員國，在前款所述１０年期滿后的１年內(nèi)，如未行使本條
所規(guī)定的解約權(quán)利，即須再遵守１０年。此后每當(dāng)１０年期滿，可依本條的規(guī)定通知解
約。
第１７條
國際勞工局理事會(huì)在其認(rèn)為必要時(shí)，應(yīng)將本公約的實(shí)施情況向大會(huì)提出報(bào)告，并審
查應(yīng)否將本公約的全部或局部修正問題列入大會(huì)議程。
第１８條
１．如大會(huì)通過一項(xiàng)對本公約作全部或局部修正的新公約，除該新公約另有規(guī)定外
，則：
（ａ）在新修正公約已生效時(shí)，盡管有上述第１６條規(guī)定，會(huì)員國對于新修正公約
的批準(zhǔn)，
依法應(yīng)為對本公約的立即解約；
（ｂ）自新修正公約生效之日起，本公約應(yīng)停止接受會(huì)員國的批準(zhǔn)。
２．對于已批準(zhǔn)本公約而未批準(zhǔn)新修正公約的會(huì)員國，本公約的現(xiàn)有形式及內(nèi)容，
在任何情況下，仍應(yīng)有效。
第１９條
本公約的法文本與英文本同等為準(zhǔn)。
【名稱】 CONVENTION No.56 Convention concerning Sickness Insurance for
Sea-men
【題注】 [Date of coming into force: 9 December 1949.]
Whole document
The General Conference of the International Labour Organization,
Having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International
Labour Office, and having met in its twenty-first Session on 6 October 1936,
and
Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to
sickness insurance for seamen, which is included in the second item on the
agenda of the Session, and
Having determined that these proposals shall take the form of an international
Convention, adopts this twenty-fourth day of October of the year one thousand
nine hundred and thirty-six the following Convention, which may be cited as
the Sickness Insurance (Sea) Convention, 1936: Article 1
1. Every person employed as master or Member of the crew or otherwise
in the service of the ship, on board any vessel, other than a ship of war,
registered in a territory for which this Convention is in force and engaged
in maritime navigation or sea-fishing, shall be insured under a compulsory
sickness insurance scheme.
2. Provided that any Member of the International Labour Organization
may in its national laws or regulations make such exceptions as it deems necessary
in respect of
(a) persons employed on board vessels of public authorities when such
vessels are not engaged in trade;
(b) persons whose wages or income exceed a prescribed amount;
(c) persons who are not paid a money wage;
(d) persons not resident in the territory of the Member;
(e) persons below or above prescribed age-limits;
(f) members of the employer's family;
(g) pilots.
Article 2
1. An insured person who is rendered incapable of work and deprived of
his wages by reason of sickness shall be entitled to a cash benefit for at
least the first twenty-six weeks or one hundred and eighty days of incapacity
from and including the first day for which benefit is payable.
2. The right to benefit may be made conditional upon the completion of
a qualifying period and of a waiting period of a days to be counted from the
beginning of the incapacity.
3. The cash benefit granted to the insured person shall never be fixed
at a rate lower than that fixed by the general scheme of compulsory sickness
insurance, where such a scheme exists but does not apply to seamen.
4. Cash benefit may be withheld
(a) while the insured person is on board or abroad;
(b) while the insured person is maintained by the insurance institution
or from public funds. Provided that in such case it shall only partially be
withheld when the insured person has family responsibilities;
(c) while in respect of the same illness the insured person receives
compensation from another source to which he is entitled by law, so however
that in such case benefit shall only be wholly or partially withheld if and
so far as such compensation is equal to or less than the amount of the benefit
payable under the sickness insurance scheme.
5. Cash benefit may be reduced or refused in the case of sickness caused
by the insured person's wilful misconduct. Article 3
1. The insured person shall be entitled free of charge, as from the commencement
of his illness and at least until the period prescribed for the grant of sickness
benefit expires, to medical treatment by a fully qualified medical practitioner
and to the supply of proper and sufficient medicines and appliances.
2. Provided that the insured person may be required to pay such part
of the cost of medical benefit as may be prescribed by national laws or regulations.
3. Medical benefit may be withheld while the insured person is on board
or abroad.
4. Whenever the circumstances so require, the insurance institution may
provide for the treatment of the sick person in hospital and in such case shall
grant him full maintenance together with the necessary medical attention and
care.
Article 4
1. When the insured person is abroad and by reason of sickness has lost
his right to wages, whether previously payable in whole or in part, the cash
benefit to which he would have been entitled had he not been abroad shall be
paid in whole or in part to his family until his return to the territory of
the Member.
2. National laws or regulations may prescribe or authorise the provision
of the following benefits:
(a) when the insured person has family responsibilities, a cash benefit
additional to that provided for in Article 2;
(b) in case of the sickness of members of the insured person's family
living in his home and dependent on him, aid in kind or in cash. Article 5
1. National laws or regulations shall prescribe the conditions under
which an insured woman, while in the territory of the Member, shall be entitled
to maternity benefit.
2. National laws or regulations may prescribe the conditions under which
the wife of an insured man, while in the territory of the Member, shall be
entitled to maternity benefit Article 6
1. On the death of the insured person, a cash benefit of an amount prescribed
by national laws or regulations shall be paid to the members of the family
of the deceased or be applied for defraying the funeral expenses.
2. Where there is in force a pension scheme for the survivors of deceased
seamen, the grant of the cash benefit provided for in the preceding paragraph
shall not be compulsory. Article 7
The right to insurance benefit shall continue even in respect of sickness
occurring during a definite period after the termination of the last engagement,
which period shall be fixed by national laws or regulations in such a way as
to cover the normal interval between successive engagements. Article 8
1. The insured persons and their employers shall share in providing the
financial resources of the sickness insurance scheme.
2. National laws or regulations may provide for a financial contribution
by the public authorities.
Article 9
1. Sickness insurance shall be administered by self-governing institutions,
which shall be under the administrative and financial supervision of the public
authorities and shall not be carried on with a view to profit.
2. Insured persons, and in the case of insurance institutions set up
specially for seamen under laws or regulations the employers also, shall participate
in the management of the institutions under such conditions as may be prescribed
by national laws or regulations, which may also provide for the participation
of other persons concerned.
3. Provided that the administration of sickness insurance may be undertaken
directly by the State where and so long as its administration by self-governing
institutions is rendered difficult or impossible by reason of national conditions.
Article 10
1. The insured person shall have a right of appeal in case of dispute
concerning his right to benefit.
2. The procedure for dealing with disputes shall be rendered rapid and
inexpensive for the insured person by means of special courts or any other
method deemed appropriate under national laws or regulations. Article 11
Nothing in this Convention shall affect any law, award, custom or agreement
between shipowners and seamen which ensures more favourable conditions than
those provided by this Convention. Article 12
1. In respect of the territories referred to in article 35 of the Constitution
of the International Labour Organization, each Member of the Organization which
ratifies this Convention shall append to its ratification a declaration stating
(a) the territories in respect of which it undertakes to apply the provisions
of the Convention without modification;
(b) the territories in respect of which it undertakes to apply the provisions
of the Convention subject to modifications, together with details of the said
modifications;
(c) the territories in respect of which the Convention is inapplicable
and in such cases the grounds on which it is inapplicable;
(d) the territories in respect of which it reserves its decision.
2. The undertakings referred to in subparagraphs (a) and (b) of paragraph
1 of this Article shall be deemed to be an integral part of the ratification
and shall have the force of ratification.
3. Any member may by a subsequent declaration cancel in whole or in part
any reservations made in its original declaration in virtue of subparagraphs
(b), (c) or (d) of paragraph 1 of this Article.
Article 13
The formal ratifications of this Convention shall be communicated to
the Director-General of the International Labour Office for registrations.
Article 14
1. This Convention shall be binding only upon those Members of the International
Labour Organization whose ratifications have been registered with the Director-General.
2. It shall come into force twelve months after the date on which the
ratifications of two Members have been registered with the Director-General.
3. Thereafter, this Convention shall come into force for any Member twelve
months after the date on which its ratification has been registered. Article
15
As soon as the ratifications of two members of the International Labour
Organization have been registered, the Director-General of the International
Labour Office shall so notify all the Members of the International Labour Organization.
He shall likewise notify them of the registration of ratifications which may
be communicated subsequently by other Members of the Organization. Article
16
1. A Member which has ratified this Convention may denounce it after
the expiration of ten years from the date on which the Convention first comes
into force, by an act communicated to the Director-General of the International
Labour Office for registration. Such denunciation shall not take effect until
one year after the date on which it is registered.
2. Each Member which has ratified this Convention and which does not,
within the year following the expiration of the period of ten years mentioned
in the preceding paragraph, exercise the right of denunciation provided for
in this Article, will be bound for another period of ten years and, thereafter,
may denounce this Convention at the expiration of each period of ten years
under the terms provided for in this Article. Article 17
At such times as it may consider necessary the Governing Body of the
International Labour Office shall present to the General Conference a report
on the working of this Convention and shall examine the desirability of placing
on the agenda of the Conference the question of its revision in whole or in
part.
Article 18
1. Should the Conference adopt a new Convention revising this Convention
in whole or in part, then, unless the new Convention otherwise provides,
(a) the ratification by a Member of the new revising Convention shall
ipso jure involve the immediate denunciation of this Convention, notwithstanding
the provisions of Article 16 above, if and when the new revising Convention
shall have come into force;
(b) as from the date when the new revising Convention comes into force,
this Convention shall cease to the open to ratification by the Members.
2. This Convention shall in any case remain in force in its actual form
and content for those Members which have ratified it but have not ratified
the revising Convention. Article 19
The French and English texts of this Convention shall both be authentic.
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